Finite and Infinite Verb (non-finite)

Finite and Infinite Verb (non-finite)
What is finite and infinite verb?(Read more)
1. Finite
2. Non-Finite (Infinite)
Finite verbs are verbs that have subjects and indicate grammatical tense, person, and number. (limited by  Subject, tense, person, and number)

These verbs describe the action of a person, place, or thing in the sentence. 
Non-finite verbs are verbs that do not have tenses or subjects that they correspond to. 

(not limited by Subject, tense, person, and number)

 Instead, these verbs are usually infinitives, gerunds, or participles. Gerunds and present participles end in “-ing,” while past participles usually end in “-ed,” “-d,” or “-t.”

Finite verb
Finite verb changes its forms when tens changes in the sentence.
Finite verb Example:
Ø  I enjoy teaching English. (enjoy is present tense indefinite and it is finite) (teaching is non-finite)  
Ø  I enjoyed teaching English. (enjoyed is past tense indefinite and it is finite) (teaching is non-finite)  
Ø  I will enjoy teaching English. (will enjoy is future tense finite and teaching is non-finite)
 
Finite verb changes its forms when subject’s number or person changes in the sentence.
Subject’s number
Ø  Mina plays cricket. (Mina is a subject singular. plays is finite verb) 
Ø  Mina and her friends play cricket. (Mina and her friends are subject and plural. Play is finite verb)
Subject’s person
I read books. (I first person singular. read is finite verb) 
She reads books. (She is third person singular. reads is finite verb)
Non Finite verb
Non-Finite verb will not change its form; it remains the same when tens changes in the sentence.
Non-Finite verb will not change its form; it remains the same when subject’s number or person changes in the sentence.
Infinitives
I want to dance. (want is verb and dance is also verb, but to dance is infinitives. Want is finite and to dance is non-finite)

I wanted to dance. (wanted is finite and to dance is non-finite)
I will want to dance.
I create videos to teach.
She creates videos to teach.
She can’t go out. (Bare infinitive , can’t is finite)
I couldn’t swim. (couldn’t is finite, swim is infinite)
Modal verbs

A modal verb (also called a modal auxiliary verb) is used along with a main verb to express possibility, ability, permission, or necessity. For example, in the statement “you must leave,” “must” is a modal verb indicating that it's necessary for the subject (“you”) to perform the action of the verb (“leave”).

Modal verbs for ability - can, could.

Modal verbs for possibility - may, could, can, might.

Modal verbs for obligation - should, must, have to, cannot.

Modal verbs for necessity - need, must.

Can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should & must are always finite verbs
Gerunds

A gerund is a word like “swimming” in the sentence “I have always enjoyed swimming.” The term refers to the “-ing” form of a verb when it functions as a noun. A gerund usually refers in a general way to the activity represented by the verb it's derived from.

I like dancing. (like is finite verb, dancing is non-finite verb)
I liked dancing. (liked is finite verb, dancing is non-finite)
(like is verb, dance also verb. Verb+ing is called gerunds so dancing is noun, noun some time work as subject sometimes object)
Swimming is my favorite sport. (is finite verb, Swimming is subject but gerunds non-finite verb)
Swimming was my favorite sport. (was finite verb, Swimming is subject but gerunds non-finite verb)
Swimming will be my favorite sport. (will be finite verb, Swimming is subject but gerunds non-finite verb)
Participles

There are two types of participles: present participles and past participles. Present participles end in -ing. Past participles end in -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne as in the words asked, eaten, saved, dealt, seen, and gone. The crying baby had a wet diaper.

I had cleaned the room. (had is finite, cleaned is infinite. Past participle)
I have cleaned the room. (Present participle)
She has gone to work. (Present participle)
She had gone to work. (Past participle)
I’m going to the cinema.
Going to the cinema is not a good habit.
She is eating food.